Menoufia University, Faculty of Electronic Engineering
Menoufia Journal of Electronic Engineering Research
1687-1189
2682-3535
27
2
2018
07
01
Performance Study of Queuing Delay in CRN Using Different Proposed Spectrum Handoff Approaches
1
22
EN
Shimaa
Ali
Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Menoufia University
Mona
Shokair
Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Menoufia University
Moawad
Dessouky
Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Menoufia University
Nagy
Messiha
Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Menoufia University
10.21608/mjeer.2018.63173
<span>Spectrum handoff in cognitive radio networks is to have a seamless<span> switch between channels consequently, a high quality of service for<span> the secondary users. This paper proposes three techniques for<span> spectrum handoff. The first proposed one based on the low priority<span> user leaves the channel to another channel. The second proposed<span> model based on the low priority user stays on the same channel with<span> resuming its transmission when the high priority user finished its<span> transmission. Finally, the third proposed model based on the low<span> priority user stays on the same channel with restarting its transmission<span> when the high priority user finished its transmission. The obtained<span> results indicate that the three proposed system models give different<span> queuing delay performances for each user. The techniques of the<span> models and the obtained results are important for evaluating the total<span> system time, service time and queuing delay for secondary users.<span> Consequently, the quality of service for the secondary users and<span> hence the useful for cognitive radio network design and optimization<span> will be obtained.<br /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
https://mjeer.journals.ekb.eg/article_63173.html
https://mjeer.journals.ekb.eg/article_63173_c490aa4a2eb7e499b8b43f327318a3e6.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Electronic Engineering
Menoufia Journal of Electronic Engineering Research
1687-1189
2682-3535
27
2
2018
07
01
Medical Image Segmentation Techniques, a Literature Review, and Some Novel Trends
23
58
EN
Amira A.
Mahmoud
Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications, Faculty of Electronic
Engineering, Menoufia University
El-Sayed M.
El-Rabaie
Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications, Faculty of Electronic
Engineering, Menoufia University
Taha E.
Taha
Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications, Faculty of Electronic
Engineering, Menoufia University
Adel
Elfishawy
Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications, Faculty of Electronic
Engineering, Menoufia University
Osama
Zahran
Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications, Faculty of Electronic
Engineering, Menoufia University
Fathi E.
Abd El-Samie
Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications, Faculty of Electronic
Engineering, Menoufia University
10.21608/mjeer.2018.63179
<span>Segmentation requires the separation or division of an image<span> into regions of similar properties. Image amplitude is the most<span> basic attribute for image segmentation. Image texture and<span> edges are also useful properties for the segmentation process.<span> There is no standard approach for segmentation of an image;<span> no single theory for image segmentation. Segmentation of an<span> image is usually used to mark and determine boundaries and<span> objects (curves, lines, etc.) in an image. More precisely, image<span> segmentation is the process of labeling of every pixel in the<span> image where pixels having the same properties have the same<span> visual properties and share the same group. The result of<span> segmentation process is a number of regions or segments that<span> cover the whole image, or a number of extracted edges and<span> contours of the image. All pixels in the same region are similar<span> according to some characteristics or properties, such as texture,<span> intensity, or color. In this paper a literature review of the various<span> segmentation methods that are available for medical images is<span> presented. Because of image segmentation importance, a set of<span> image segmentation techniques namely; Thresholding<span> techniques, Clustering techniques, Artificial Neural Networks,<span> Edge based techniques, Region based techniques, Watershed,<span> Graph based and Deformable models have been discussed and<span> compared. The features and requirements of several freely and<span> commercial software tools for image segmentation are clarified.<span> The paper is ended by focusing on the novel trends on the topic.<br /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
https://mjeer.journals.ekb.eg/article_63179.html
https://mjeer.journals.ekb.eg/article_63179_361125912295df9a774ea0fa5e42121b.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Electronic Engineering
Menoufia Journal of Electronic Engineering Research
1687-1189
2682-3535
27
2
2018
07
01
A hybrid approach for Medical Image Fusion Based on Wavelet Transform and Principal Component Analysis
59
70
EN
Zeinab Z.
El kareh
Dept. of Industrial Electrical Eng., Faculty of Elect., Eng., Menoufia University
Essam E.
El madbouly
Dept. of Industrial Electrical Eng., Faculty of Elect., Eng., Menoufia University.
Ghada M.
El banby
Dept. of Industrial Electrical Eng., Faculty of Elect., Eng., Menoufia University
Fathi E.
Abdelsamie
Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications, Faculty of Electronic
Engineering, Menoufia University
10.21608/mjeer.2018.63181
<span>This paper presents a hybrid approach for medical image fusion<span> based on the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Principal<span> Component Analysis (PCA). The main idea of the approach is to<span> select between two fusion methods; DWT and PCA based on the<span> local variance estimated at each position in the fusion results.<span> Simulation results on multi-modality images are presented in this<span> paper. The two modalities adopted are Magnetic Resonance (MR)<span> images and Computed Tomography (CT) images. Evaluation<span> metrics such as entropy, edge intensity, contrast, and average<span> gradient have been adopted for performance evaluation of the<span> proposed method. The obtained results confirm that the proposed<span> method is superior in performance to the DWT and PCA methods<span> individually.<br /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
https://mjeer.journals.ekb.eg/article_63181.html
https://mjeer.journals.ekb.eg/article_63181_f0015daaf068a49831701cc58352e92c.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Electronic Engineering
Menoufia Journal of Electronic Engineering Research
1687-1189
2682-3535
27
2
2018
07
01
Synthetic Aperture Radar Sidelobe Reduction Using Different Optimization Techniques
71
104
EN
Mina K.
Youssef
Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, October 6 University.
Hala M.
Abd El Qader
Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering-Shoubra, Benha University.
.
Khaled F.
Ahmed
Dept. of Electrical Engineering, National Center of researche
10.21608/mjeer.2018.63182
<span>The synthetic aperture radar (SAR) can be used on either an<br /><span>aircraft or a LEO satellite for high resolution imaging on the earth’s<span> surface. The transmitted pulse is to be shaped and modulated<span> before transmission. A matched filter is used to construct a<span> compressed time domain echo pulsed signal in the receiver. The<span> main lobe level represents the desired target in the received echo<span> compressed pulse to be detected. The sidelobe levels represent a<span> false alarm (undesirable detection). This paper presents different<span> optimization algorithms to reduce the sidelobe levels. These<span> optimization algorithms are particle swarm optimization (PSO)<span> algorithm, pattern search (PS) algorithm and Multi-Objective<span> Genetic Algorithm (MOGA). The algorithms will be applied on<span> different higher orders of polynomial instantaneous frequency<span> modulation signals. A comparison study for these different<span> optimization algorithms for reduction the sidelode levels is<span> presented.</span><br /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
Synthetic aperture radar (SAR),polynomial frequency modulation,Sidelobe level (SLL) reduction,Pulse compression ratio (PCR),Range Resolution,particle swarm optimization (PSO),Pattern search (PS) algorithm,Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm (MOGA)
https://mjeer.journals.ekb.eg/article_63182.html
https://mjeer.journals.ekb.eg/article_63182_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Electronic Engineering
Menoufia Journal of Electronic Engineering Research
1687-1189
2682-3535
27
2
2018
07
01
Kinematic Modeling, Dexterity and Performance Analysis of Planar Parallel Manipulators
105
140
EN
Amr
Abo Salem
Department of Industrial Electronics and Control Engineering,
Faculty of Electronic Engineering at Menouf, Menofia University, Egypt
Tarek Y.
Khedr
Department of Industrial Electronics and Control Engineering,
Faculty of Electronic Engineering at Menouf, Menofia University, Egypt
Gamal
El Ghazaly
Department of Industrial Electronics and Control Engineering,
Faculty of Electronic Engineering at Menouf, Menofia University, Egypt
M. I.
Mahmoud
Department of Industrial Electronics and Control Engineering,
Faculty of Electronic Engineering at Menouf, Menofia University, Egypt
10.21608/mjeer.2018.63183
<span>This research work is concerned with the Planar Parallel<br /><span>Manipulator (PPM). This investigation leads to a comparative study<br /><span>between the 2-RRR PPM which is a non-redundant PPM and 3-RRR<br /><span>PPM which is a redundant PPM. The main objective is to compare<br /><span>one type of PPM with another one that has one step of<br /><span>construction’s upgrading with respect to the other PPM. An<br /><span>important issue for optimal design of these manipulators is related<br /><span>to their performance characterizations. These two PPMs are<br /><span>introduced with their mechanism construction. Investigation of<br /><span>characteristics of PPMs goes through the complexity of the direct<br /><span>and inverse kinematics problems, which are solved using the<br /><span>suggested and proper geometrical equations. The dexterous<br /><span>workspace is geometrically obtained where the End-Effector (EE)<br /><span>can reach and illustrate some of its properties. In order to complete<br /><span>the study for these PPMs, the virtual work is determined, obtained<br /><span>and used, to get the PPM characteristics using the dynamic model.<br /><span>Jacobian matrix has been determined and used. This research work<br /><span>is terminated not only by two kinematic characteristics maps<br /><span>dexterity and manipulability - indices, but also with a dynamic<br /><span>characteristics map called dynamic index.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br /></span>
Planar Parallel Manipulator (PPM),End-Effector (EE),Redundancy,Kinematic Model,Degree of Freedom (DOF),Performance indices
https://mjeer.journals.ekb.eg/article_63183.html
https://mjeer.journals.ekb.eg/article_63183_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Electronic Engineering
Menoufia Journal of Electronic Engineering Research
1687-1189
2682-3535
27
2
2018
07
01
Anomaly Intrusion Detection Based on PCA
141
150
EN
Rania A.
Ghazy
Dept. of Electronics and Electrical Communications, Faculty of Electronic
Engineering, Minufiya University.
El-Sayed M.
Khedr
Dept. of Electronics and Electrical Communications, Faculty of Electronic
Engineering, Minufiya University.
Moawad I.
Dessouky
Dept. of Electronics and Electrical Communications, Faculty of Electronic
Engineering, Minufiya University.
Nawal A.
ElFishawy
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Electronic
Engineering, Menoufia
Fathi E.
Abd El-Samie
Dept. of Electronics and Electrical Communications, Faculty of Electronic
Engineering, Minufiya University.
10.21608/mjeer.2018.63184
<span>This paper proposes an anomaly intrusion detection approach<br /><span>based on the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) model and<br /><span>selecting different numbers of effective features, from the<br /><span>dataset in the presence of several types of attacks. Several<br /><span>attacks have been considered such as Denial of Service (DoS),<br /><span>Probing (Prob), Remote to Local (R2L), and User to Root<br /><span>(U2R) attack. Simulation results conclude that more accuracy<br /><span>of detection and less false alarms are obtained, in spite of<br /><span>reducing the number of selected features, and subsequently<br /><span>reducing complexity.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br /></span>
https://mjeer.journals.ekb.eg/article_63184.html
https://mjeer.journals.ekb.eg/article_63184_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Electronic Engineering
Menoufia Journal of Electronic Engineering Research
1687-1189
2682-3535
27
2
2018
07
01
A Chaotic Image Encryption Algorithm Based on Rubik’s Cube Principle for Wireless Communication
151
164
EN
Mai
Helmy
Dept. of Electronics and Electrical Communications, Faculty of Electronic
Engineering, Minufiya University.
El-Sayed M.
EL-Rabaie
Dept. of Electronics and Electrical Communications, Faculty of Electronic
Engineering, Minufiya University.
Ibrahim
Eldokany
Dept. of Electronics and Electrical Communications, Faculty of Electronic
Engineering, Minufiya University.
F. E.
Abd ElSamie
Electronics and Electrical Communications, Faculty of Electronic Engineering,
Menoufia University
10.21608/mjeer.2018.63185
<span>In this paper, we present a proposed technique for image<br /><span>encryption that is based on a marriage between Rubik’s cube<span> (puzzle method) and a chaotic algorithm with its different modes<span> (CBC, CFB, and OFB). The OFDM system will be tested with its<span> versions (Fast Fourier transform OFDM (FFT-OFDM), Discrete<span> Cosine Transform OFDM (DCT-OFDM), and Discrete Wavelet<span> Transform OFDM (DWT-OFDM)). A comparative study among<span> mixed encryption algorithms with images transmitted via different<span> OFDM versions is presented. In the simulation experiments, the<span> Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) of the decrypted image at the<span> receiver, histogram, deviation, and bit error rate (BER) sensitivity<span> are used as evaluation metrics for the decrypted image qualit</span><br /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
OFDM,Rubik's cube,Chaotic map,the Cipher Block Chaining (CBC) mode,the Cipher Feedback mode (CFB) mode,and the Output Feed Back (OFB) mode
https://mjeer.journals.ekb.eg/article_63185.html
https://mjeer.journals.ekb.eg/article_63185_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Electronic Engineering
Menoufia Journal of Electronic Engineering Research
1687-1189
2682-3535
27
2
2018
07
01
A Proposed Fingerprint Image Encryption Scheme Based on Wavelet Fusion
165
182
EN
Fatma G.
Hashad
Dept. of Electronics and Electrical Communications, Faculty of Electronic Engineering,
Menoufia University
El-Sayed M.
El-Rabaie
Dept. of Electronics and Electrical Communications, Faculty of Electronic Engineering,
Menoufia University
Ibrahim F.
El Ashry
Department of Electrical Communications, Faculty of Engineering, Kafrelsheikh
University, Kafr elsheikh, Egypt.
F. E.
Abd ElSamie
Dept. of Electronics and Electrical Communications, Faculty of Electronic Engineering,
Menoufia University
O.
Zahran
Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications, Faculty of Electronic
Engineering, Menoufia University, Menouf, Egypt.
10.21608/mjeer.2018.63187
<span>This paper presents two chaotic image encryption plans<span> combined with Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) to encrypt<span> unique fingerprint. In the first proposal, the fingerprint which has<span> few details (low entropy) is fused with another image which is rich<span> in details (high entropy) using the Discrete Wavelet Transform<span> (DWT) prior to encryption. The fusion process is a pre-processing<span> step to alter the homogeneity of flat areas in the few-details<span> fingerprint image. Then, the technique of the Chaotic Baker map<span> randomization is applied on the output fused image. In the second<span> proposal, the fingerprint is fused with an image encrypted with<span> RC6 block cipher algorithm prior to encryption. Several metrics<span> are used in this paper for performance evaluation of the proposed<span> encryption scheme including, visual inspection, histogram<span> analysis, encryption quality analysis, and diffusion analysis. The<span> outcomes demonstrate that the proposed image encryption<span> schemes give a proficient and secure path for unique fingerprint<span> encryption<span>.<br /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
Fingerprint image encryption,Chaotic Baker map,RC6 block cipher algorithm,DWT,image fusion
https://mjeer.journals.ekb.eg/article_63187.html
https://mjeer.journals.ekb.eg/article_63187_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Electronic Engineering
Menoufia Journal of Electronic Engineering Research
1687-1189
2682-3535
27
2
2018
07
01
Interdisciplinary Survey on Nanocommunications-based Molecular, Electromagnetic and Optical Technology
183
211
EN
Reda
Ahmed.
Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications, Faculty of Electronic
Engineering, Menoufia University, Menouf, Egypt.
Saied M.
Abd El-atty
Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications, Faculty of Electronic
Engineering, Menoufia University, Menouf, Egypt.
S.
El Rabaie
Dept. of Electronics and Electrical Communications Eng.,
Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia University, Egyp
10.21608/mjeer.2018.63188
<span>In the light of nanotechnology revolution, the fabrication of nanoscale device, namely nanomachine develops nanocommunication<br /><span>science, thereby a nanonetwork can be formed by interconnection<br /><span>of these nanomachines. Nanomachines are able to exchange nanoscale information by using molecular, electromagnetic, or/and<br /><span>nano-optic communication. In this paper, we introduce a briefly<br /><span>survey for these interdisciplinary nanocommunications technology.<br /><span>We present the concept of molecular communication (MC)<br /><span>inspiration by biological cells, the principles/features of MC and the<br /><span>main comparison with conventional communication schemes. On<br /><span>the other hand, the advance in nanomaterials such as carbon<br /><span>nanotubes or graphene leads us to overview the technology of<br /><span>nanosensors that can perform the nanocommunication based on<br /><span>the nano-optic or nano-electromagnetic. In a consequence, we<br /><span>present a significant comparison for different types of nanosensors<br /><span>that presented in the recent literatures. Finally, we explore the<br /><span>phenomenon of forester resonance energy transfer (FRET) that can<br /><span>be used as a nanocommunication means. The paper ends with<br /><span>studying the most important applications of molecular<br /><span>communications and the major future challenges.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br /></span>
https://mjeer.journals.ekb.eg/article_63188.html
https://mjeer.journals.ekb.eg/article_63188_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Electronic Engineering
Menoufia Journal of Electronic Engineering Research
1687-1189
2682-3535
27
2
2018
07
01
Multi-level Security System for Image Transmission with Confidence Guarantee
212
236
EN
Hayam A.
Abd El-Hameed
Dept. of Electronics and Electrical Communications Eng. Faculty of Electronic Eng.,
Menoufia University, Menouf, 32952, EGYPT.
Sami A.
El-Dolil
Dept. of Electronics and Electrical Communications Eng.,
Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia University, Egypt
Moawad I.
Dessouky
Dept. of Electronics and Electrical Communications Eng.,
Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia University, Egyp
Emad S.
Hassan
Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Jazan University, Jazan, SAUDI ARABIA
hayamabdalmordy@yahoo.com, emad.hassan@el-eng.menofia.edu.eg,
Ibrahim M.
EL-Dokany
Dept. of Electronics and Electrical Communications Eng. Faculty of Electronic Eng.,
Menoufia University, Menouf, 32952, EGYPT.
Fathi E.
Abd El-Samie
Dept. of Electronics and Electrical Communications Eng. Faculty of Electronic Eng.,
Menoufia University, Menouf, 32952, EGYPT.
10.21608/mjeer.2018.63189
<span>This paper presents multi-level security scheme for images<br /><span>transmission, by applying signature with encryption schemes.<br /><span>Signature is based on Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) and<br /><span>Encodingusing Double Random Phase Encoding (DRPE). The<br /><span>proposed multi-level scheme exploits the benefit of signature and<br /><span>encryption, which give strong images against image processing<br /><span>attacks. Several experiments are executed to test the performance<br /><span>of the scheme. The proposed scheme increases the level of<br /><span>security for transmitting images and it has better immunity to<br /><span>noise.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br /></span>
https://mjeer.journals.ekb.eg/article_63189.html
https://mjeer.journals.ekb.eg/article_63189_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Electronic Engineering
Menoufia Journal of Electronic Engineering Research
1687-1189
2682-3535
27
2
2018
07
01
Model Predictive Control Based on Modified Smith Predictor for Networked Control Systems
237
258
EN
Ahmad
Sakr
Dept. of Control Eng., High Institute of Engineering, Belbies, Egypt
Ahmad M.
El-Nagar
Dept. of Industrial Electronics and Control Eng., Faculty of Elect., Eng., Menoufia
University.
Mohammad
El-Bardini
Dept. of Industrial Electronics and Control Eng., Faculty of Elect., Eng., Menoufia
University.
Mohammed
Sharaf
Dept. of Industrial Electronics and Control Eng., Faculty of Elect., Eng., Menoufia
University.
10.21608/mjeer.2018.63249
<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">This study presents a predictive controller for networked control<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> systems (NCSs), which is a model predictive control (MPC)<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> combined with Smith predictor. The network delays and data<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> dropouts are problems, which greatly weaken the controller<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> performance. In the proposed controller, there are two internal<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> loops. The first is the loop around the MPC with the model of the<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> system, which predicted future outputs. The other is the loop<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> around the plant to give the error between the model and actual<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> plant. The proposed controller is designed for controlling a DC<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> servo system via a network. The practical results based on<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> Matlab/Simulink are established. The practical results show that<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> the performance of the proposed controller is greatly improved<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> over a wide range of networked time delay and data dropouts<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> comparing to other controllers.<br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
https://mjeer.journals.ekb.eg/article_63249.html
https://mjeer.journals.ekb.eg/article_63249_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Electronic Engineering
Menoufia Journal of Electronic Engineering Research
1687-1189
2682-3535
27
2
2018
07
01
Adaptive Heart Rate Regulation Using Implantable Pacemaker with Artificial Neural Network-Based Backstepping Controller
259
274
EN
Mohamed Esmail
Karar
Dept. of Industrial Elect. and Control Eng., Faculty of Elect. Eng., Menoufia University
10.21608/mjeer.2018.63254
<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">Implantable cardiac pacemaker is a standard medical device to<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">treat heart rhythm disorders. In this paper, a new adaptive<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">backstepping controller is developed to enhance the performance<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">of dual-sensor pacemakers for regulating the heart rate, based on<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">radial basis function neural networks. The robust design of<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">adaptive backstepping controller using Lyapunov functions allows<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">guaranteeing the stability and performance of the rate-adaptive<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">pacing system for accurately accomplishing the heart rate<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">regulation at different preset values. This developed control<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">system has been retrospectively tested on six datasets of two<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">patients with a pacemaker during three body activities of the rest,<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">walking, and exercising. The resulting root mean square error<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">(RMSE) and maximum error are less than 0.36 and 0.50 %,<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">respectively. In addition, comparative results of this study showed<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">that the performance of developed backstepping controller is<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">superior to other pacemaker controllers in the previous studies.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" /></span>
https://mjeer.journals.ekb.eg/article_63254.html
https://mjeer.journals.ekb.eg/article_63254_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Electronic Engineering
Menoufia Journal of Electronic Engineering Research
1687-1189
2682-3535
27
2
2018
07
01
Resource Allocation Scheme for Interference and Throughput Performance Improvement in LTE Femtocell Networks
275
290
EN
Eman S.
Attia
Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications, Faculty of Electronic
Engineering, MenoufiUniversity, Menouf, Egypt
Sami A.
El-Dolil
Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications, Faculty of Electronic
Engineering, MenoufiUniversity, Menouf, Egypt
Mohammed
Abd-Elnaby
Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications, Faculty of Electronic
Engineering, MenoufiUniversity, Menouf, Egypt
10.21608/mjeer.2018.63256
<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">Femtocells are one of the key enabling technologies for indoor<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">coverage extension and system capacity enhancement in Long<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">Term Evolution (LTE) cellular system. <span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #131413; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">Cross-tier interference<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">between femtocells and macrocells <span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #131413; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">is a great challenge<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">. In<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">this paper, a <span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #131413; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">resource allocation scheme <span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">is proposed to<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">minimize the interference and enhance the LTE femtocell<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">throughput. The fraction frequency reuse (FFR) scheme is<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">considered for LTE cellular system. The proposed scheme is<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">based on using small number of resource blocks (RBs) which<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">efficiently selected according to their signal to interference<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">plus noise ratio (SINR). Simulation results demonstrate that<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">the proposed scheme increases the femtocell throughput<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">using small number of allocated resource blocks (RBs) and<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">increases SINR of femtocells users. Also, the proposed<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">scheme significantly outperforms the conventional random<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">allocation scheme in terms of the achieved throughput and<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">SINR values when the number of allocated RBs is only 20% of<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">the total number of the available RBs.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" /></span></span></span></span></span></span>
https://mjeer.journals.ekb.eg/article_63256.html
https://mjeer.journals.ekb.eg/article_63256_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Electronic Engineering
Menoufia Journal of Electronic Engineering Research
1687-1189
2682-3535
27
2
2018
07
01
Signals Overlapping Detection and its Retrieval using Artificial Neural Network for Digital Gamma Ray Spectroscopy
291
320
EN
M. S.
EL_Tokh
Engineering Department, NRC, Atomic Energy Authority, Inshas, Cairo, Egypt
Asmaa
Abd EL Tawab
Engineering Department, NRC, Atomic Energy Authority, Inshas, Cairo, Egypt
Kamel S.
Gerges
Engineering Department, NRC, Atomic Energy Authority, Inshas, Cairo, Egypt
Imbaby I.
Mahmoud
Engineering Department, NRC, Atomic Energy Authority, Inshas, Cairo, Egypt
B. A.
Abozalam
Industrial Electronics and Control Engineering Dept., Faculty of Electronic
Engineering, Menoufia University
Galal A. M.
Atlam
Industrial Electronics and Control Engineering Dept., Faculty of Electronic
Engineering, Menoufia University
10.21608/mjeer.2018.63263
<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">In this paper, algorithms of power spectral density (PSD)<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> approaches applied to the detection of pileup problem associated<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> with gamma ray signal analysis. These techniques namely are:<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> periodogram, Welch, Multiwindow, Yule-walker, Burg, covariance,<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> and multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm. Transform<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> domain based methods are also studied, such as Fast Fourier<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> Transform (FFT), Walsh-Hadamard, Hilbert, and Hankel transform.<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> In both cases, the resultant extracted features are fed to train an<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> artificial neural network (ANN) expert system using the Error BackPropagation Training (EBPT) algorithm. A comparison between<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> studied algorithms is performed in terms of percentage recognition<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> rate of original signal and execution time using the matlab<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> environment. Studies showed that MUSIC and Welch in PSD<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> methods have the highest recognition rate. Also, Hankel and walshhadamard in transform domain based methods have been given<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> the highest recognition rate, under the application of different types<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> of noise to the original signal, and FFT algorithm has the least<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> execution time in all methods.<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma,Bold; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>1. Introduction</strong></span><br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
https://mjeer.journals.ekb.eg/article_63263.html
https://mjeer.journals.ekb.eg/article_63263_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Electronic Engineering
Menoufia Journal of Electronic Engineering Research
1687-1189
2682-3535
27
2
2018
07
01
Actively controlling a rotating blade vibrations excited by a superharmonic force
321
332
EN
Ali
Kandil
0000-0002-7176-2489
Dept. of Phys. and Eng. Math., Faculty of Elec. Eng., Menoufia University
alikandil21@el-eng.menofia.edu.eg
M.
Eissa
Dept. of Phys. and Eng. Math., Faculty of Elec. Eng., Menoufia University
M.
Kamel
Dept. of Phys. and Eng. Math., Faculty of Elec. Eng., Menoufia University
W.
El-Ganaini
Dept. of Phys. and Eng. Math., Faculty of Elec. Eng., Menoufia University
H.
El-Gohary
Dept. of Phys. and Eng. Math., Faculty of Elec. Eng., Menoufia University
10.21608/mjeer.2018.65894
In this paper, the multiple scales perturbation (MSP) method is being used to examine controlling the compressor rotating<br />blade oscillations at superharmonic resonance. We apply position with velocity feedback controller on this dynamical<br />system to reduce its oscillations. The vibrational dual modes of are powerfully coupled with a linear ratio 1:1, so we have<br />applied the controller to only one mode and the other coupled mode follows it. The overall nonlinear system behavior with<br />and without control is studied. The system (pre and post control) is investigated via time response and other responses<br />to show the controller effect.
https://mjeer.journals.ekb.eg/article_65894.html
https://mjeer.journals.ekb.eg/article_65894_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Electronic Engineering
Menoufia Journal of Electronic Engineering Research
1687-1189
2682-3535
27
2
2018
07
01
Structural, Characterization, Optical and Electrical Properties Studies on Li2O–ZnO–P2O5 Glass System
333
372
EN
Anwer A.
Higazy
Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Egypt.
Sanaa
El-Rabaie
Physics and Engineering Mathematics Department, Faculty of Electronic Engineering,
Menoufia University, Egypt.
Nora Y.
Elsheikh
Physics and Engineering Mathematics Department, Faculty of Electronic Engineering,
Menoufia University, Egypt.
10.21608/mjeer.2018.63266
roke-width: 0px; "> <span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">Lithium zinc phosphate glasses of the composition x Li<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 8pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">2<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">O – (45 – x)<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">ZnO – 55 P<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 8pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">2<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">O<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 8pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">5 <span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">(where 0 ≤ X ≤ 45 mole %) were prepared by the<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">normal melt quenching method. Normally the structural<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">characterization of amorphous materials are extracted from the<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">analysis of glass density, (ρ), differential thermal analysis, DTA,<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">optical, UV–Vis, infrared spectra, IR, and electrical conductivity,σ<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 8pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">dc <span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">.<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">In the present studies all the above mentioned techniques are<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">described, measured and analyzed. The systematic change in the<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">variety of the present studied is explained by changes in the nature<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">of the oxygen bonds in glass network due to the substitution of<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">ZnO by Li<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 8pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">2<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">O in this glass system, which may be explained by<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">different structural cross–linking of phosphate network with<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">increasing Li<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 8pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">2<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">O mole% content. All the obtained optical parameters<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">(E<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 8pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">opt<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">, λ<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 8pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">cutoff<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">, and ΔE) are found to be sensitive to the change of Li<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 8pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">2<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">O<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">concentrations. The electrical conductivity σ<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 8pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">dc <span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">and its activation<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">energy E<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 8pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">g <span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">showed a compositional dependence. The structural<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">changes of the present glass system are confirmed by analysis the<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">observed infrared spectra. The obtained values for all the studied<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">properties show two compositional regions, first compositional<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">region (0.0 -15 mole % Li<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 8pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">2<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">O content) and the second one (15 -45<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">mole % Li<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 8pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">2<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">O content).</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
https://mjeer.journals.ekb.eg/article_63266.html
https://mjeer.journals.ekb.eg/article_63266_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Electronic Engineering
Menoufia Journal of Electronic Engineering Research
1687-1189
2682-3535
27
2
2018
07
01
Improvement of Concurrent Transactions Performance via Database Locking Level Reduction
373
388
EN
Marwa
Mohamed
Computer Science & Eng. Dept., Faculty of Electronic Eng., Menoufia University,
Menouf 32952, Egypt
Mohammed
Badawy
Computer Science & Eng. Dept., Faculty of Electronic Eng., Menoufia University,
Menouf 32952, Egypt
Ayman
El-Sayed
0000-0002-4437-259X
Computer Science & Eng. Dept., Faculty of Electronic Eng., Menoufia University,
Menouf 32952, Egypt
10.21608/mjeer.2018.63267
<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">A concurrency in database designed to implement multiple<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">transactions on the same database simultaneously that may<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">produce on a problem called transactions conflict. The<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">performance improvement of web-based database transactions<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">is through applying concurrency. Previous proposals to apply<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">concurrency lead to huge problems such transactions conflict.<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">Transactions Conflict leads to rollback some transactions from<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">multiple concurrent transactions to complete the others. This<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">paper proposes an algorithm to solve this obstacle by<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">implementing locking on the cell level. This algorithm improves<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">the throughput and committing transactions by about 42% and<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">36% respectively.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" /></span>
Concurrency control,Concurrency Control Algorithms,Locking level,Cell locking
https://mjeer.journals.ekb.eg/article_63267.html
https://mjeer.journals.ekb.eg/article_63267_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Electronic Engineering
Menoufia Journal of Electronic Engineering Research
1687-1189
2682-3535
27
2
2018
07
01
FPGA Implementation of Image Steganography Algorithm using Modified LSB Technique
389
406
EN
E. A.
Elshazly
Engineering Dept., Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.
Safey A. S.
Abdel wahab
Engineering Dept., Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.
R. M.
Fikry
Engineering Dept., Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.
O.
Zahran
Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Dept., Faculty of Electronic
Engineering, Menoufia University, Menouf, Egypt.
S. M.
Elaraby
Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Dept., Faculty of Electronic
Engineering, Menoufia University, Menouf, Egypt
M.
El-Kordy
Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Dept., Faculty of Electronic
Engineering, Menoufia University, Menouf, Egypt.
10.21608/mjeer.2018.63268
<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">Steganography is one of the most efficient data hiding techniques,<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">where a secret message is embedded in a cover image in such a<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">way that only the cover image is visible and at the receiver, the<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">hidden message is extracted from the stego-image. In this paper, a<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">modified Least Significant Bit (LSB) technique is proposed and<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">applied to different grayscale cover images in a spatial domain.<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">Furthermore, the proposed algorithm is implemented using FPGA,<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">which provides a least embedding time, a faster programmable and<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">commercial hardware solution for secure communication. The<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">obtained results prove that, the proposed algorithm has low<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">computational complexity, high embedding speed and the capability<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">of embedding a large payload capacity compared to other<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">algorithms that implemented in low cost embedded system<br /><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">applications.<br /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" /></span></span></span>
Image steganography,Least Significant Bit (LSB),Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA),Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Xilinx System Generator (XSG)
https://mjeer.journals.ekb.eg/article_63268.html
https://mjeer.journals.ekb.eg/article_63268_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf